By the end of World War II, most of the German population fled or was expelled from areas outside the territory of post-war Germany and post-war Austria,

Tony Robert Judt was a British historian, essayist, and university professor.

As Hitler sought to expand Germany's sphere of influence in Europe, Britain's policy of appeasement reflected the interests of the British ruling classes – until German power became overwhelming.

With the great powers fighting to defend their empires, the Second World War would re-divide the world between competing blocs of capitalists.

The Second World War was characterised by primeval savagery. Nazi Germany, Stalinist Russia and Militarist Japan waged war with unprecedented brutality, but the ‘democracies’ also committed terrible w...

Large parts of Occupied Europe were liberated by local resistance movements. But the potential for a revolutionary transformation was smothered at birth.