Chess player.

Founder of Folkways Records. The label, founded in 1948, was instrumental in bringing folk music into the American mainstream. (1905-1986).

Israeli writer, human rights activist, and founder of the Gush Shalom peace movement. (Born 1923).

British runner, first to run the mile in under four minutes.

French writer, philosopher, feminist, and social theorist. (1908-1986).

English art critic, novelist, painter and author. (Born 1926).

German poet, playwright, theatre director, and radical. (1898-1956).

Austrian-born Jewish philosopher best known for his philosophy of dialogue, a religious existentialism centered on the distinction between the I-Thou relationship and the I-It relationship. (1878-1965...

English socialist poet, anthologist, early gay activist and socialist philosopher. (1844-1929).

Claus Philipp Maria Justinian Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg (15 November 1907 – 21 July 1944) was a German army officer and Catholic aristocrat who was one of the leading members of the failed 20 Jul...

Medical professional, gerontologist, anarchist, pacifist, conscientious objector and writer. (1920-2000).

French Marxist theorist, writer, filmmaker, hypergraphist and founding member of the groups Lettrist International and Situationist International. (1931-1994).

Jewish-Polish political and social activist and cardiologist. (1919-2009).

German author, political theorist, philosopher, and father of communist theory, alongside Karl Marx. (1820-1895).

African former slave involved in the British movement for the abolition of the slave trade. (1745-1797).

Jörg Friedrich is a Berlin-based author of books on history commonly described as an "independent German Historian". Friedrich is best known for his publication Der Brand (2002) in which he portrays t...

Internationally renowned social psychologist, psychoanalyst, humanistic philosopher, and democratic socialist. (1900-1980).

French author and winner of the Nobel Prize in literature .

English journalist, political philosopher and novelist, considered one of the first exponents of utilitarianism, and one of the first modern proponents of anarchism. (1756-1836).

Italian Marxist philosopher, writer, politician and political theorist. (1891-1937).

German philosopher, one of the creators of German Idealism. (1770-1831).

The historian Eric Hobsbawm dies at 95.

French-German author, philosopher, encyclopedist and a prominent figure in the French Enlightenment. (1723-1789).

Naturalist. (1769-1859).

Austrian philosopher, Roman Catholic priest and critic of the institutions of contemporary western culture. (1926-2002).

A peasant girl born in what is now eastern France who claimed divine guidance, she led the French army to several important victories during the Hundred Years' War.

Boxer.

Chess player and mathematician.

Writer, lecturer and broadcaster. (Born 1962).

To be a Jew means always being with the oppressed and never the oppressors.

German philosopher, political economist, historian, political theorist, sociologist, communist, and revolutionary, whose ideas are credited as the foundation of modern communism. (1818-1883).

British artist, designer, author, and socialist. (1834-1896).

Scottish progressive educator, author and founder of Summerhill school. (1883-1973).

Friedrich Gustav Emil Martin Niemoller (14 January 1892 – 6 March 1984) was a German anti-Nazi theologian and Lutheran pastor. He is best known as the author of the poem First they came....

Finnish runner.

British author. (1903-1950).

German radical pacifist. (1889-1938).

Vidkun Abraham Lauritz Jonssøn Quisling (July 18, 1887- October 24, 1945) was a Norwegian army officer and politician, who served as President of occupied Norway. Today in Norway and other parts of t...

Helene Bertha Amalie "Leni" Riefenstahl; 22 August 1902 - 8 September 2003) was a German film director, actress and dancer widely noted for her aesthetics and innovations as a filmmaker. Her most famo...

Philosopher, logician, mathematician, pacifist, social critic. (1872-1970).

French philosopher. (1905-1980).

Chess player.

German-French theologian, musician, philosopher, and physician. (1875-1965).

Sir Walter Scott (15 August 1771 - 21 September 1832) was a Scottish historical novelist, playwright, and poet, popular throughout much of the world during his time.

Georges Eugène Sorel (2 November 1847 in Cherbourg – 29 August 1922 in Boulogne-sur-Seine) was a French philosopher and theorist of revolutionary syndicalism. His notion of the power of myth in peo...

Portuguese diplomat who ignored and defied the orders of his own government for the safety of war refugees fleeing from invading German military forces in the early years of World War II. (1885-1954).

Chess player.

English historian, writer, socialist and peace campaigner (1924-1993).

Russian author. (1828-1910).

Russian revolutionary. (1879-1940).

A Swedish humanitarian who worked in Budapest, Hungary, during World War II to rescue Jews from the Holocaust. (1912-1947?)